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Logical Reasoning - Statement and Assumption

Exercise : Statement and Assumption - Section 2
Directions to Solve

In each question below is given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.

Give answer

  • (A) If only assumption I is implicit
  • (B) If only assumption II is implicit
  • (C) If either I or II is implicit
  • (D) If neither I nor II is implicit
  • (E) If both I and II are implicit.

1.

Statement: Many historians have done more harm than good by distorting truth.

Assumptions:

  1. People believe what is reported by the historians.
  2. Historians are seldom expected to depict the truth.

Only assumption I is implicit
Only assumption II is implicit
Either I or II is implicit
Neither I nor II is implicit
Both I and II are implicit
Answer: Option
Explanation:
The fact that historians have done harm by distorting truth, means that people believe what is reported by the historians. So, I is implicit. II does not follow from the statement and so is not implicit.
2.

Statement: "As there is a great demand, every person seeking tickets of the programme will be given only five tickets."

Assumptions:

  1. The organizers are not keen on selling the tickets.
  2. No one is interested in getting more than five tickets.

Only assumption I is implicit
Only assumption II is implicit
Either I or II is implicit
Neither I nor II is implicit
Both I and II are implicit
Answer: Option
Explanation:
Clearly, the organisers are adopting this policy not to reduce the sale but to cope up with great demand so that everyone can get the ticket. So, I is not implicit. Also, due to great demand, the maximum number of tickets one person can get has been reduced to five. So, II is also not implicit.
3.

Statement: "Computer education should start at schools itself."

Assumptions:

  1. Learning computers is easy.
  2. Computer education fetches jobs easily.

Only assumption I is implicit
Only assumption II is implicit
Either I or II is implicit
Neither I nor II is implicit
Both I and II are implicit
Answer: Option
Explanation:
Clearly, computer education can be started at the school level only if it is easy. So, I is implicit. In the statement, nothing is mentioned about the link between jobs and computer education. So, II is not implicit.
4.

Statement: If he is intelligent, he will pass the examination.

Assumptions:

  1. To pass, he must be intelligent.
  2. He will pass the examination.

Only assumption I is implicit
Only assumption II is implicit
Either I or II is implicit
Neither I nor II is implicit
Both I and II are implicit
Answer: Option
Explanation:
The statement mentions that he will pass if he is intelligent. So, I is implicit. Further, this means that it is not necessary that he will pass. So, II is not implicit.
5.

Statement: Today I must satisfy myself only by looking at a pink headed duck in an encyclopaedia.

Assumptions:

  1. Pink headed ducks are as good as extinct now.
  2. People refer to encyclopaedia to know only about things which do not exist now.

Only assumption I is implicit
Only assumption II is implicit
Either I or II is implicit
Neither I nor II is implicit
Both I and II are implicit
Answer: Option
Explanation:
Since the narrator talks of satisfying himself by just looking at a picture in encyclopaedia, it means that pink headed ducks are not to be seen alive. So, I is implicit. But II does not follow from the statement and is not implicit.
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