Current Affairs - International

India and Morocco recently signed a Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty (MLAT) that aims to strengthen cooperation in civil and commercial legal matters. The treaty also includes provisions for exchanging legal expertise, conducting joint training programs, and fostering legal research between the two countries. To ensure effective implementation, a joint coordination committee will be established to design and monitor annual cooperation plans. Morocco, a mountainous country located in western North Africa, is strategically positioned across the Strait of Gibraltar from Spain. This agreement represents a deepening of legal and diplomatic ties between India and the North African region.

At the World Artificial Intelligence Conference (WAIC) 2025 in Shanghai, Chinese Premier Li Qiang emphasised the importance of establishing a global consensus to balance AI innovation with security risks. China advocates for a governance framework that ensures openness, fairness, and accessibility to AI advancements, especially for developing nations. Premier Li also announced plans to establish a Chinese-led international AI cooperation body and promoted open-source development to avoid monopolisation. In contrast, the US has opted for a deregulation-focused approach. China's position aims to prevent technological inequalities and promote equitable access to AI technologies while addressing global security and ethical concerns.

Myanmar has recently restructured its political leadership by forming a new Union government and establishing a State Security and Peace Commission. This move was executed by the country’s National Defence and Security Council (NDSC), with U Nyo Saw appointed as the new Prime Minister. Additionally, Senior General Min Aung Hlaing is set to lead the new peace commission. The state of emergency in the country has been lifted to make way for the upcoming general elections. These changes represent a significant shift in Myanmar's governance as the nation prepares for a new political phase.

Kaziranga Tiger Reserve in Assam has achieved the third-highest tiger density in the world, with 18.65 tigers per 100 sq. km. This impressive milestone was announced on Global Tiger Day 2025 and reflects the success of conservation efforts in the region. The only reserves with higher tiger densities are Bandipur in Karnataka and Corbett in Uttarakhand. The rise in tiger numbers, from 80 in 1997 to 148 in 2024, is largely attributed to habitat expansion, anti-poaching measures, and better survey techniques like camera traps and stripe pattern identification. This ranking cements Assam’s position as a leader in global tiger conservation.

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) signed a key agreement with India on Maritime Security and Safety Cooperation during the 13th Joint Defence Cooperation Committee (JDCC) meeting held in New Delhi. The agreement was signed between the Indian Coast Guard and the UAE National Guard Command with a focus on enhancing maritime law enforcement, search and rescue operations, pollution response, and capacity building. This partnership underscores the shared strategic interest of both countries in maintaining maritime stability, especially in the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean. It also strengthens India’s expanding network of maritime partnerships to tackle global threats like piracy, smuggling, and marine pollution.