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Logical Reasoning - Statement and Assumption

Exercise : Statement and Assumption - Section 4
Directions to Solve

In each question below is given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.

Give answer

  • (A) If only assumption I is implicit
  • (B) If only assumption II is implicit
  • (C) If either I or II is implicit
  • (D) If neither I nor II is implicit
  • (E) If both I and II are implicit.

6.

Statement: In Bombay, railway trains are indispensable for people in the suburbs to reach their places of work on time.

Assumptions:

  1. Railway trains are the only mode of transport available in the suburbs of Bombay.
  2. Only railway trains run punctually.

Only assumption I is implicit
Only assumption II is implicit
Either I or II is implicit
Neither I nor II is implicit
Both I and II are implicit
Answer: Option
Explanation:
That the railway trains are indispensable for people to reach the place on time does not mean that there are no other means of transport but shows that trains alone run on time. So, I is not implicit and only II is implicit.
7.

Statement: The government has decided to reduce its subsidy on LPG; however the subsidy on kerosene remains unchanged.

Assumptions:

  1. Those people who buy LPG can afford to purchase LPG for a higher price.
  2. Many people may stop buying LPG and instead use kerosene.

Only assumption I is implicit
Only assumption II is implicit
Either I or II is implicit
Neither I nor II is implicit
Both I and II are implicit
Answer: Option
Explanation:
Clearly, the decision has been taken keeping in mind that the section of people using LPG can afford to pay a slightly higher price. The government does not want to affect the weakest sections who still use kerosene. So, only I is implicit, while II is not.
8.

Statement: It is not true that the mightiest superpower always wins wars and gets accolades from other countries.

Assumptions:

  1. Winners are sometimes admired and appreciated.
  2. Winners are occasionally criticized.

Only assumption I is implicit
Only assumption II is implicit
Either I or II is implicit
Neither I nor II is implicit
Both I and II are implicit
Answer: Option
Explanation:
The statement mentions that superpowers do win wars but their victory is not always applauded, but sometimes criticized as well in case the victory is an act of oppression of the weaker nation, and is not backed by a reasonable cause. So, both I and II are implicit.
9.

Statement: To investigate the murder of the lone resident of a flat, the police interrogated the domestic servant, the watchman of the multi-storeyed buildings and the liftman.

Assumptions:

  1. The domestic servant, watchman and the liftman can give a clue about the suspected murder.
  2. Generally in such cases the persons known to the resident are directly or indirectly involved in the murder.

Only assumption I is implicit
Only assumption II is implicit
Either I or II is implicit
Neither I nor II is implicit
Both I and II are implicit
Answer: Option
Explanation:
Clearly, in such cases, the police interrogates the domestic servant, watchman and liftman to work out the sequence of events just before the murder by tracing the persons who had come to meet the victim. So, I is implicit However, it is erroneous to assume that persons known to the victim are generally involved in the murder. So, II is not implicit.
10.

Statement: The integrated steel plants in India would no longer have to depend on imports for continuous casting refractories.

Assumptions:

  1. Continuous casting refractories are needed by India.
  2. Continuous casting refractories are in demand.

Only assumption I is implicit
Only assumption II is implicit
Either I or II is implicit
Neither I nor II is implicit
Both I and II are implicit
Answer: Option
Explanation:
The statement mentions the self-sufficiency of India in continuous casting refractories. This means that they are needed in the country. So, I is implicit. Since continuous casting refractories are needed in integrated steel plants, it means they are in demand. So, II is implicit.
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