Current Affairs - Science
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Exercise : Science - Latest Current Affairs
- Science - Latest Current Affairs
1.
Which subcutaneous treatment combines trastuzumab and pertuzumab for HER2-positive breast cancer?
Answer: Option
Explanation:
Phesgo is a subcutaneous treatment that combines two monoclonal antibodies—trastuzumab and pertuzumab—into a single under-the-skin injection. It significantly reduces hospital time from around 2.5 hours to just 5–8 minutes while maintaining the same safety and efficacy as intravenous therapy. Designed for HER2-positive breast cancer, which accounts for about 20–25% of all breast cancer cases, Phesgo represents a major advancement in making cancer care more convenient, patient-centered, and efficient by simplifying the treatment process without compromising medical outcomes.
Date : 2025-11-06
2.
Which DNA repair protein discovered by University of Iowa researchers shows potential for new cancer therapies by targeting DNA repair deficiencies such as BRCA1/2 mutations?
Answer: Option
Explanation:
RAD52 is a DNA repair protein identified by University of Iowa researchers as crucial for cancer cell survival, particularly in cells with BRCA1/2 mutations that impair DNA repair mechanisms. By inhibiting RAD52, researchers can selectively kill cancer cells without heavily affecting normal cells. This approach offers a promising alternative to PARP inhibitors, potentially overcoming drug resistance and reducing side effects associated with traditional treatments like chemotherapy and radiation, thereby opening new therapeutic avenues for cancers with DNA repair deficiencies.
Date : 2025-11-03
3.
Which university’s researchers discovered Sinapic acid as a potential treatment for diabetic wounds?
Answer: Option
Explanation:
Researchers from Nagaland University have identified Sinapic acid, a naturally occurring plant compound, as a promising therapeutic agent for treating diabetic wounds. Their study marks the first global evidence showing that oral administration of Sinapic acid can significantly accelerate wound healing under diabetic conditions in preclinical models. This discovery holds immense potential for developing affordable and effective treatments for chronic wounds commonly seen in diabetic patients, contributing to advancements in medical research and promoting health innovation from India’s northeastern region.
Date : 2025-10-22
4.
Which country unveiled a colon cancer vaccine after successful preclinical trials at the EEF 2025?
Answer: Option
Explanation:
Russia’s Federal Medical-Biological Agency (FMBA) announced a significant breakthrough by unveiling a colon cancer vaccine during the Eastern Economic Forum (EEF) 2025. The vaccine demonstrated promising results in preclinical trials, with a 60–80% reduction in tumour size, improved survival rates, and no recorded adverse effects. It specifically targets colorectal cancer, which is one of the world’s leading causes of cancer-related deaths. If approved by regulators, this would become Russia’s first immunotherapy treatment for colorectal cancer. Furthermore, FMBA is also working on developing vaccines for glioblastoma and melanoma, marking a major stride in cancer research and treatment.
Date : 2025-09-08
5.
Which type of hepatitis has recently been reclassified by the WHO as carcinogenic?
Answer: Option
Explanation:
The World Health Organisation has reclassified Hepatitis D Virus (HDV) as carcinogenic due to its strong association with liver cancer. Hepatitis D is a defective virus that requires the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) for replication and transmission. It can cause co-infection or superinfection in HBV patients, raising the risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma by 2–6 times compared to HBV alone. Though its prevalence in India is considered low, it may be underreported, especially in high-risk groups. Prevention relies mainly on universal Hepatitis B vaccination, alongside safe medical practices, blood screening, and targeted surveillance in vulnerable populations.
Date : 2025-08-10
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