Current Affairs - Science

Menkes disease is a rare genetic disorder caused by a mutation that disrupts copper transport in the body, leading to severe developmental and physiological issues in affected children. Zycubo (copper histidinate) is the first FDA-approved treatment for this condition. Administered by injection, it bypasses the defective copper absorption mechanism and significantly improves survival, especially when started within four weeks of birth. Clinical trials showed that early-treated children had a 78% lower risk of death. Monitoring is important due to possible copper toxicity, emphasizing careful management during treatment.

VCare launched the Bengaluru Centre of Excellence to introduce a breakthrough approach in aesthetic care through its Single-Day Facial Architecture. The centre brings together a Korean-inspired treatment protocol that integrates seven advanced laser technologies using a 3D methodology. This innovation is designed to deliver visible improvements starting from the first day, with sustained results over a 90-day period. The initiative is led by founder E Carolin Praba and aligns with the brand’s broader vision of expanding its network of over 80 clinics across major cities, including Bengaluru and Hyderabad.

The ‘Asha Van’ mobile unit was launched to strengthen early detection and diagnosis of cancers, especially in underserved and rural areas. Equipped with advanced EVA-Pro diagnostic systems, mammography facilities, and teleconsultation services, the unit is capable of screening for ten different types of cancer, including lung, breast, and cervical cancers. By enabling early screening, the initiative aims to improve treatment outcomes and reduce mortality. Handed over to the Indian Red Cross Society, the mobile unit aligns with the broader goal of accessible healthcare and supports the vision of universal health coverage.

WHO introduced its first clinical guideline for the use of GLP-1 medications such as semaglutide and tirzepatide to support long-term obesity management. These medicines, added to the Essential Medicines List in 2025, are recommended alongside lifestyle interventions that include dietary improvements, increased physical activity, and sustained medical follow-up. WHO advised caution regarding the use of these drugs during pregnancy due to insufficient data. With over one billion people worldwide affected by obesity and millions of deaths occurring annually, the guideline aims to provide structured, evidence-based global direction for managing this growing public health challenge.

Auramine O is an industrial-grade synthetic yellow dye commonly used in textiles, leather, paper, and printing inks, but it is completely prohibited in food products under Indian regulations. Its recurring presence in Indian foods reflects deeper issues such as weak enforcement of the Food Safety and Standards Act, inadequate chemical-market regulation, and widespread use of informal supply chains. Vendors often adopt it because it is cheap, visually vibrant, and easily accessible, while consumers typically lack awareness of the health risks. Prolonged exposure can cause liver and kidney toxicity, mutagenic effects, and possible carcinogenicity, making its continued use a significant public-health concern.