Logical Reasoning - Statement and Argument

Exercise : Statement and Argument - Section 1
Directions to Solve

Each question given below consists of a statement, followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a 'strong' argument and which is a 'weak' argument.

Give answer:

  • (A) If only argument I is strong
  • (B) If only argument II is strong
  • (C) If either I or II is strong
  • (D) If neither I nor II is strong and
  • (E) If both I and II are strong.


46.

Statement: Should family planning be made compulsory in India?

Arguments:

  1. Yes. Looking to the miserable conditions in India, there is no other go.
  2. No. In India there are people of various religions and family planning is against the tenets of some of the religions.
Only argument I is strong
Only argument II is strong
Either I or II is strong
Neither I nor II is strong
Both I and II are strong
Answer: Option
Explanation:
Family planning is an essential step to curb population growth. So, argument I holds strong. Also, family planning being against the tenets of some of the Indian religions, it is not necessary to make it compulsory. Instead, it can be enforced by creating public awareness of the benefits of family planning. So, argument II also holds.

47.

Statement: Should income tax be abolished in India?

Arguments:

  1. Yes. It is an unnecessary burden on the wage earners.
  2. No. It is a good source of revenue.
Only argument I is strong
Only argument II is strong
Either I or II is strong
Neither I nor II is strong
Both I and II are strong
Answer: Option
Explanation:
Income -tax is levied so that every citizen can contribute a share of his earning towards the infrastructural development of the nation. So, argument I seems to be vague. However, income-tax is no doubt a good source of revenue for the government. Hence, argument II holds strong.

48.

Statement: Should there be a ceiling on the salary of top executives of multinationals in our country?

Arguments:

  1. Yes. Otherwise it would lead to unhealthy competition and our own industry would not be able to withstand that.
  2. No. With the accent on liberalization of economy, any such move would be counter-productive. Once the economy picks up, this disparity will be reduced.
Only argument I is strong
Only argument II is strong
Either I or II is strong
Neither I nor II is strong
Both I and II are strong
Answer: Option
Explanation:
In the absence of such a ceiling, the companies would be involved in a mutual competition of salaries, in a bid to attract the most competent professionals. So, argument I holds. Also, the prospects of increase in salary would encourage the officials to perform better in the interest of the company they serve, which would otherwise not be so if a ceiling is imposed. So, argument II also holds strong.

49.

Statement: Should school education be made free in India?

Arguments:

  1. Yes. This is the only way to improve the level of literacy.
  2. No. It would add to the already heavy burden on the exchequer.
Only argument I is strong
Only argument II is strong
Either I or II is strong
Neither I nor II is strong
Both I and II are strong
Answer: Option
Explanation:
Making education free for all is not the only means to ensure literacy. An awareness needs to be aroused for this. So, argument I is vague. Also, such a step would require immense funds and lead to financial drain. So, argument II holds.

50.

Statement: Should import duty on all the electronic goods be dispensed with?

Arguments:

  1. No. This will considerably reduce the income of the government and will adversely affect the developmental activities.
  2. No. The local manufacturers will not be able to compete with the foreign manufacturers who are technologically far superior.
Only argument I is strong
Only argument II is strong
Either I or II is strong
Neither I nor II is strong
Both I and II are strong
Answer: Option
Explanation:
Abolishing the import duty on electronic goods shall reduce the costs of imported goods and adversely affect the sale of the domestic products, thus giving a setback to the Indian electronics industry. So, argument II holds strong. Argument I does not provide a convincing reason.