General Knowledge - Chemistry - Discussion

The nucleus is the very dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom. It was discovered in 1911 as a result of Ernest Rutherford's interpretation of the 1909 Geiger-Marsden gold foil experiment performed by Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden under Rutherford's direction. The proton"neutron model of nucleus was proposed by Dmitry Ivanenko in 1932. Almost all of the mass of an atom is located in the nucleus, with a very small contribution from the electron cloud.

The diameter of the nucleus is in the range of 1.75 fm (1.75x10^-15 m) for hydrogen (the diameter of a single proton)[not in citation given] to about 15 fm for the heaviest atoms, such as uranium. These dimensions are much smaller than the diameter of the atom itself (nucleus + electron cloud), by a factor of about 23,000 (uranium) to about 145,000 (hydrogen).

The branch of physics concerned with studying and understanding the atomic nucleus, including its composition and the forces which bind it together, is called nuclear physics.

First of all. We have to know the composition of Atom, atom is composed of Neutron, Electron and proton.

Representation:Atom is usual represented as a spherical in nature with proton and neutron at the center and electron revolving round it. Negative charge of the electron is balance by the positive charge of the proton, neutron has no charge. The atomic number of an element is usual the number of proton in the nucleus of an atom. The number of electron is equal to the number of proton. The mass number which is usual called nucleon is the sum total of neutron and proton in the nucleus of an atom.

In conclusion, proton and neutron is located in the nucleus of an atom.

The nucleus of an atom contains neutrons with no electrical charge and the positively charged proton particles. This makes the nucleus to be positively charged. So, it has attendance of attracting opposite charges-the electrons-which orbits around the nucleus in energy levels called shells.

Each shell can maximum accommodate 8 electrons (except the first shell after the nucleus which holds only two electrons). For an atom to be stable, it must be with a net charge=0 i.e with same number of proton and electrons.

1. Generally we can calculate No. of moles of solute in a solution, solution is prepared by accurately weighed W grams of solute (of gram molecular weight: GMW), transferred into V ml (say 1000 ml) standard flask, dissolved and made up to the mark with solvent
Number of moles of solute (n) =W/GMW.

2. You can find the number of moles of 1kg solvent n= 1000/GMW of solvent.
For example if you take 1kg of water, n=1000/18=55.55 moles.

The atom is having three subatomic particles such as proton, neutron, electron. In atom nucleus is the central part of the atom, it consists of two subatomics i, e proton, neutron proton is having positive charge and neutron is the no charge and electron is revolution around the nucleus it is having negatively charged.

Because electrons mass is very lighter than proton and neutron so. & if they come together nucleus will become unstable it cause blast (Fusion) and release energy. I also want to inform you all that any natural thing like atom etc. are always prefer to stable state so. Thanks buddy for read my The great answer.

Atomic structure :

There are principally 2 type of charged particles, a light and negatively charged electron, a much heavier positively charged proton, and an electrically uncharged (neutral) particle of about same mass as the proton called a neutron.

Thus all charged particles get combine and form an Atom.

Protons have a positive charge and neutron have no charge but we all know that nucleus have a positive charge. But this is wrong nucleus is also a chargless it positive charge show due to the existence of proton in it. So we can say that nucleus is a combination of protons and a neutons.

Atom - Let we consider about a chair it made by wood, wood is made by particle and particle is made by atoms. Atoms is made by electron protons and neutron. The nucleus of an atom are made by protons and neutrons. Electron are moving around nucleus like planet moving around sun.

Nucleus is a combination of neutrons, protons (+) and mass of electrons which is lighter than neutron and proton.

So, if they collide together the nucleus will become unstable, it will cause fusion and release their energy.