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Invention: Bringing or creating new things in the world which did not exist before.

Discovery: Finding out existing things or phenomena which were unknown to humans before and are still natural.

It is quite a common belief that Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei invented the telescope but this is not strictly true. The earliest workings towards the design of the refracting telescope were made by German-Dutch lensmaker Hans Lippershey (above) in 1608. During Lippershey's time, the name 'telescope' was not used until three years later and he referred to his design as a 'Dutch perspective glass', which he used for 'seeing things far away as if they were nearby. '.

Galileo, though, was the first person to use a telescope for astronomical purposes after hearing about Lippershey's work in 1609. He improved on Lippershey's design and using his new telescope in 1610, he discovered the four largest moons of Jupiter (Io, Ganymede, Callisto and Europa) and physical features on the Moon.

The first person to apply for a patent for a telescope was a Dutch eyeglass maker named Hans Lippershey (or Lipperhey). In 1608, His telescope had a concave eyepiece aligned with a convex objective lens. Copernican principle, named after Nicolaus Copernicus, is a working assumption that arises from a modified cosmological extension of Copernicus' Sun centered Heliocentric Universe.

The Copernican principle assumes that neither the Sun nor the Earth are in a central, specially favored position in the universe. More recently, the principle has been generalized to the relativistic concept that humans are not privileged observers of the Universe. In this sense, it is equivalent to the mediocrity principle, with important implications for the philosophy of science.

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Galileo real name is Vincenzo Galilei.

Then who invented the telescope?

Galileo Galilei was an Italian polymath: astronomer, physicist, engineer, philosopher, and mathematician, he played a major role in the scientific revolution of the seventeenth century.

His contributions to observational astronomy include the telescopic confirmation of the phases of Venus, the discovery of the four largest satellites of Jupiter (named the Galilean moons in his honor), and the observation and analysis of sunspots. Galileo also worked in applied science and technology, inventing an improved military compass and other instruments.

In 1581, when he was studying medicine, he noticed a swinging chandelier, which air currents shifted about to swing in larger and smaller arcs. To him it seemed, by comparison with his heartbeat, that the chandelier took the same amount of time to swing back and forth, no matter how far it was swinging. When he returned home, he set up two pendulums of equal length and swung one with a large sweep and the other with a small sweep and found that they kept time together.

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