Current Affairs - Science

India has launched its first cancer genomics repository through the Indian Cancer Genome Atlas (ICGA) Foundation. This initiative aims to create a comprehensive genetic data repository on breast cancer, starting with data from 50 patients and planning to expand to over 500. The focus is on addressing the molecular differences between Indian cancer patients and Western data, enabling more targeted and effective treatments for Indian patients. This development marks a significant step in cancer research and personalized medicine in India.

The UN has initiated a polio vaccination campaign in Gaza, aiming to vaccinate 640,000 children following the discovery of the first polio case in the region in 25 years. The campaign, which includes planned pauses in fighting, is crucial in preventing a potential outbreak. It begins in central Gaza, with efforts to ensure the vaccination is administered despite the ongoing conflict, highlighting the importance of immunization in vulnerable areas.

Bharat Biotech has launched the oral cholera vaccine, Hillchol, following successful phase 3 trials that demonstrated its safety. The vaccine was developed under license from Hilleman Laboratories and aims to address the global shortage of cholera vaccine doses. With a production capacity of 200 million doses, Hillchol targets individuals above the age of one, providing a crucial solution to combat cholera globally. Bharat Biotech's launch of Hillchol marks a significant milestone in the fight against cholera.

Sudan has declared a cholera outbreak, with the World Health Organization (WHO) reporting 316 deaths. The outbreak is a result of the ongoing conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces and Rapid Support Forces since April 2023, leading to the spread of epidemic diseases like cholera, malaria, and measles. The conflict has exacerbated the health crisis, highlighting the need for urgent attention and support to address the situation.

Electroencephalography (EEG) gained significant recognition due to the centenary of Hans Berger's pioneering work in 1924 when he recorded the first human EEG. This breakthrough marked a major advancement in neurological research. While earlier, in 1912, Vladimir Pravdich-Neminsky had achieved the first mammalian EEG using a dog, Berger's work with humans opened new possibilities for diagnosing and understanding brain functions and disorders.