Current Affairs - International

This launch marked an important advancement in iran’s space and satellite development capabilities. The country successfully sent three domestically built satellites—Paya, Zafar-2, and Kowsar-1.5—into a 500 km low-Earth orbit with the assistance of a Russian Soyuz rocket. The mission focuses on practical applications such as agriculture planning, water management, and environmental monitoring. Among the satellites, Paya stands out as iran’s heaviest-ever satellite deployment at 150 kg and is equipped with high-resolution color imaging technology, demonstrating growing technical expertise in space-based observation systems.

United States has introduced a significant reform in the H-1B visa selection process by shifting from a purely random lottery system to one that gives weight to wage levels. This change is designed to favor higher-paying, highly skilled roles, ensuring that foreign talent complements rather than competes unfairly with domestic workers. By prioritizing wage-based selection, the policy aims to protect local wage standards, improve job quality, and better align immigration with labor market needs. The revision also has the potential to influence how international professionals, particularly in the technology sector, enter the US workforce.

China has achieved a major infrastructure milestone by opening the world’s longest expressway tunnel, the Tianshan Shengli Tunnel, located in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Stretching 22.13 km, the tunnel significantly reduces travel time across the Tianshan Mountains and improves connectivity between northern and southern Xinjiang. It forms a critical part of the G0711 Urumqi–Yuli Expressway and supports the efficient transport of energy resources, agricultural products, and industrial materials. The project showcases advanced engineering, including operation in extreme geological and climatic conditions, while contributing to economic integration, tourism growth, and regional development.

Israel has taken a landmark step in international diplomacy by becoming the first country to formally recognise Somaliland. This move includes plans to establish full diplomatic relations through the exchange of ambassadors and the opening of embassies. Alongside recognition, Israel has announced expanded cooperation with Somaliland in key sectors such as agriculture, healthcare, and technology. Somaliland, strategically located along the Gulf of Aden, declared independence in 1991 but has remained largely unrecognised by the global community. This recognition is considered a historic moment and may influence future international engagement with Somaliland.

Armenia introduced the official logo for the COP17 Conference on Biological Diversity, highlighting its role as the host nation for the global event. The logo features the endemic Erivan Anomalous Blue butterfly, a species native to the region, symbolizing the fragility of ecosystems and the interconnectedness of biodiversity. Designed with 23 blended colours, the logo represents the 23 global biodiversity targets outlined under international commitments. COP17 is scheduled to be held in Yerevan in October 2026 and will focus on reviewing the implementation of the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, emphasizing collective global action.