Current Affairs - Environment

The UAE launched the Global Energy Efficiency Alliance during COP29 in Azerbaijan, aiming to double global energy efficiency rates by 2030. This initiative reflects the UAE’s leadership in promoting sustainable energy practices and reducing emissions globally. By sharing its expertise and collaborating with the private sector, the UAE seeks to drive innovation and foster international cooperation in achieving energy efficiency goals. This move underscores the critical role of partnerships in addressing global environmental challenges.

The Dolphin Ambulance initiative launched by the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) focuses on rescuing and protecting Ganga Dolphins, the national aquatic animal of India. This species is crucial for the ecological health of the Ganga River. The project, with a budget of Rs 1 crore, aims to create awareness about dolphin conservation and equip communities to handle dolphin-related emergencies. It highlights the efforts to restore the ecological balance of the Ganga, safeguarding its biodiversity while supporting aquatic life conservation through innovative measures.

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has reported that 2024 is on track to be the hottest year on record, with global temperatures averaging 1.54°C above pre-industrial levels from January to September. This increase is largely driven by the El Niño phenomenon, which has amplified the effects of climate change. Although this temporary breach of the 1.5°C threshold does not necessarily mean failure to meet the Paris Agreement goal, it underscores the urgent need for decisive climate action to mitigate severe impacts and maintain a safe global temperature.

The World Meteorological Organization's (WMO) report reveals a concerning 10% surge in greenhouse gas levels over the past two decades. This significant increase is primarily attributed to human activities such as fossil fuel combustion and cement production. The report highlights record-high levels of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, underscoring their impact on climate change. Carbon dioxide remains the dominant greenhouse gas, responsible for approximately 64% of the anthropogenic warming effect. The WMO's findings emphasize the urgent need for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions to combat climate change.

Kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum) is a hardy, drought-tolerant crop with high yield potential. It is widely cultivated in India, particularly in Madhya Pradesh. However, it is also associated with mycotoxins, specifically Cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), which can cause Kodo poisoning. This condition affects the nervous and cardiovascular systems, with symptoms including vomiting, giddiness, and unconsciousness. The potential link between Kodo millet and elephant deaths in Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve highlights the importance of monitoring crop safety and addressing environmental factors contributing to mycotoxin production.