Online C Programming Test - C Programming Test - Random

Note the below statement inside the struct:

int bit1:1; --> 'int' indicates that it is a SIGNED integer.

For signed integers the leftmost bit will be taken for +/- sign.

If you store 1 in 1-bit field:

The left most bit is 1, so the system will treat the value as negative number.

The 2's complement method is used by the system to handle the negative values.

Therefore, the data stored is 1. The 2's complement of 1 is also 1 (negative).

Therefore -1 is printed.


If you store 2 in 4-bits field:

Binary 2: 0010 (left most bit is 0, so system will treat it as positive value)

0010 is 2

Therefore 2 is printed.


If you store 13 in 4-bits field:

Binary 13: 1101 (left most bit is 1, so system will treat it as negative value)

Find 2's complement of 1101:

1's complement of 1101 : 0010
2's complement of 1101 : 0011 (Add 1 to the result of 1's complement)

0011 is 3 (but negative value)

Therefore -3 is printed.

if(0.7 > a) here a is a float variable and 0.7 is a double constant. The double constant 0.7 is greater than the float variable a. Hence the if condition is satisfied and it prints 'Hi'
Example:

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
    float a=0.7;
    printf("%.10f %.10f\n",0.7, a);
    return 0;
}

Output:
0.7000000000 0.6999999881

fmod(x,y) - Calculates x modulo y, the remainder of x/y.
This function is the same as the modulus operator. But fmod() performs floating point divisions.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main ()
{
  printf ("fmod of 3.14/2.1 is %lf\n", fmod (3.14,2.1) );
  return 0;
}

Output:
fmod of 3.14/2.1 is 1.040000

The switch/case statement in the c language is defined by the language specification to use an int value, so you can not use a float value.

switch( expression )
{
    case constant-expression1:    statements 1;
    case constant-expression2:    statements 2;    
    case constant-expression3:    statements3 ;
    ...
    ...
    default : statements 4;
}

The value of the 'expression' in a switch-case statement must be an integer, char, short, long. Float and double are not allowed.

The fp is a structure which contains a char pointer which points to the first character of a file.

Clearly, we know first three statements are correct, but fourth statement is wrong. because we can use pointer on strings. Eg. char *p = "IndiaBIX".

Associativity is only needed when the operators in an expression have the same precedence. Usually + and - have the same precedence.

Consider the expression 7 - 4 + 2. The result could be either (7 - 4) + 2 = 5 or 7 - (4 + 2) = 1. The former result corresponds to the case when + and - are left-associative, the latter to when + and - are right-associative.

Usually the addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division operators are left-associative, while the exponentiation, assignment and conditional operators are right-associative. To prevent cases where operands would be associated with two operators, or no operator at all, operators with the same precedence must have the same associativity.

Step 1: int i=0; The variable i is declared as in integer type and initialized to '0'(zero).

Step 2: i++; Here variable i is increemented by 1. Hence i becomes '1'(one).

Step 3: if(i<=5) becomes if(1 <=5). Hence the if condition is satisfied and it enter into if block statements.

Step 4: printf("IndiaBIX"); It prints "IndiaBIX".

Step 5: exit(1); This exit statement terminates the program execution.

Hence the output is "IndiaBIx".