Mechanical Engineering - Engineering Materials - Discussion

The correct answer is Open hearth process (although it's no longer in use) and the Electric process (which is currently in use).

Tata Iron and Steel Works, Jamshedpur, has undergone various upgrades and modernizations over the years. Initially, they used the Open hearth process, but it has been phased out due to its limitations and environmental concerns.

Currently, Tata Steel, Jamshedpur, uses:

1. Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) - This is the Electric process mentioned in the options. EAF uses electrical energy to melt and refine steel.
2. Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) - This is a variant of the Duplex process, where steel is made by blowing oxygen into the molten metal in a converter.

The Bessemer process is an outdated method that was used in the early days of steel production and is no longer in use at Tata Steel or most modern steel plants.

Note that steel production processes can vary depending on the specific plant and the type of steel being produced.

It is a process of steelmaking in operation at TATA iron steel works Jamshedpur again explain.

It is a process of steel making with combination of acid bessemer and basic open hearth processes.

A two-step procedure in which steel is refined by one process (usually the Bessemer process) and finished by another process (usually open-hearth or electric-furnace).

Duplex Process in metallurgy, a steel-making process that is carried out in two successive steel-melting units (the process is sometimes also used to smelt cast iron, beginning in a cupola furnace and ending in an electric furnace).

The duplex process, which was first used in the second half of the 19th century, makes possible more efficient use of various units. For example, the duplex process using a basic open hearth furnace and an arc furnace or a converter and an arc furnace is used to increase the output of the electric furnace (that is, to increase the output of high-quality steel) and to reduce the specific consumption of electric power, which is accomplished by removing from the electric furnace such operations as the melting of the charge and the partial refining of the metal; in the duplex process, only the final refining and deoxidation of the steel are carried out in the arc furnace. The application of the duplex process is limited.