Logical Reasoning - Logical Deduction - Discussion
Discussion Forum : Logical Deduction - Section 1 (Q.No. 8)
Directions to Solve
In each question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.
Give answer:
- (A) If only conclusion I follows
- (B) If only conclusion II follows
- (C) If either I or II follows
- (D) If neither I nor II follows and
- (E) If both I and II follow.
8.
Statements: All flowers are trees. No fruit is tree.
Conclusions:
- No fruit is flower.
- Some trees are flowers.
Answer: Option
Explanation:
As discussed above, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'No flower is fruit'. I is the converse of this conclusion and thus it follows. II is the converse of the first premise and so it also holds.
Discussion:
27 comments Page 1 of 3.
Kundan Kumar said:
7 years ago
Here's how both the conclusions follow:
premise 1: All flowers are trees. --> it's contrapositive: All non-trees are non-flowers.
premise 2: No fruit is a tree. --> it's contrapositive: No non-tree is non-fruit.
The middle term: non-tree and one premise is -ve => conclusion is -ve => No non-flowers is non-fruit => No fruit is flower => conclusion 1 follows.
So, conclusion 2 is converse of premise 1 hence it follows too.
premise 1: All flowers are trees. --> it's contrapositive: All non-trees are non-flowers.
premise 2: No fruit is a tree. --> it's contrapositive: No non-tree is non-fruit.
The middle term: non-tree and one premise is -ve => conclusion is -ve => No non-flowers is non-fruit => No fruit is flower => conclusion 1 follows.
So, conclusion 2 is converse of premise 1 hence it follows too.
RAJ said:
1 decade ago
It means that the first premise can be viewed from another angle
For eg.
The converse of the statement all A are B is
1. Some A are B & 2. Some B are A
Also Some A are B can be written as Some B are A.
For eg.
The converse of the statement all A are B is
1. Some A are B & 2. Some B are A
Also Some A are B can be written as Some B are A.
Sachin said:
8 years ago
No trees are a flower. Some trees are fruits.
Conclusion
(a) fruits that are trees, not flowers.
(b) no fruit is a flower.
Which statement follows/ unfollows? Please tell me with the explanation.
Conclusion
(a) fruits that are trees, not flowers.
(b) no fruit is a flower.
Which statement follows/ unfollows? Please tell me with the explanation.
Priyanka bisht said:
1 decade ago
I think answer is wrong. Option A is correct. I solve questions by venn diagram and according to venn diagram option A is correct. Please explain in detail that why option E is correct answer.
Akshay said:
10 years ago
Both are universal and conclusion II is particular. Also it contains middle term and as statement contains negative the conclusion should be negative. So a is the answer I think.
Prakash said:
10 years ago
How come "NO Fruit is flower" follows. If it is "No fruit may be flower" then it will be true. So conclusion I can not follow at all, only conclusion II follows.
Moonlion said:
1 decade ago
As per Rule 1 "The conclusion does not contain the middle term". How can second conclusion be true as it is containing middle term "Tree"?
Kanwar abhimanyu singh said:
1 decade ago
Is there anyone who can make me understand as how it says middle term is not used when "trees" is used in 2 assumption!
Giri prasath said:
1 decade ago
According to my point view option 1 is correct, if not can anyone give me a detailed description.
Dhineshbabu said:
10 years ago
Flower's are inside the tree, and fruit's are outside the tree, then how some trees are flowers?
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