General Knowledge - Basic General Knowledge - Discussion

Most prestigious award of US$ 58,960,000 in the world is supported by Nobel Foundation. In 1989 increased 20%,1992 the award was 6.5 million Kroner(approx Rs 3.5 crore), from 2001 increased to 10 million Kroner(approx Rs 6.35 crore)

Year of institution ----- 1901
Founder ----- Alfred Bernhard Nobel (1833-96)

Nos.of discipline
awarded-------

six{Physics,Chemistry,Physiology or medicine, Literature, peace,Economics} Originally it was awarded for works in five discipline.the prize for economics was instituted in 1967 by Sveriges Riksbank, Swedish Bank,in celebration of its 300th anniversary and was awarded for the first time in 1969.it is called "Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics".

Date on Which it is awarded ----: annually on 10th December

Nobel Foundation's Prize Awarding Body -----:

1) The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences,awards the Nobel Prize in Physics & Chemistry.

2)The Nobel Assembly of Karloniska Chirurgical Institute, Sweden, awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology And medicine.

3)he Swedish Academy awards the Prize in Literature

4)The Committee of the Norwegian Parliament awards the prize of peace.

5)The Bank of Sweden awards the prize in Economics.


First Woman to receive the Nobel Prize --- Madam Marie Curie Sklodowsks - Physics in 1903 with her husband Pierre curie(1st couple receive the award)She later won for Chemistry in 1911.

First Indian to receive the Nobel Prize --- Rabindranath Tagore was awarded the prize for Literature in 1913 for his love lyrics "GITANJALI"

First Indian Woman to receive the Nobel Prize --- Mother Teresa (born in Albania,Yugoslavia.came to India in 1929 at the age of 19 and became Indian citizen.)for Peace in 1979

An Indian born American citizen awarded the Nobel Prize:-- Hargobinda Khurana for medicine(laboratory synthesis of yeast gene for the 1st time )(1968)

Three Nobel Prize :------ The International Committee of the Red Cross was awarded the Nobel Prize for PEACE three times(1917,1944,1963)


Twice recipients of the Nobel Prize :------

1)Madam Marie Curie Sklodowsks[Physics(1903)& Chemistry (1911)]
2)John Bardeen [Physics(1956)& Physics (1972)]
3)Linus Pauling [Chemistry (1954) & Peace (1962)]
4)Fredric Sanger [Chemistry (1958) & Chemistry (1980)]

Maximum Nobel Prizes US citizens have won outright,as well as shared the max nos. of Nobel Prize.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2010 was awarded jointly to Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov "for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene"

Alfred Nobel (1833-1896) was the fourth son of Immanuel Nobel (1801-1872) an inventor and engineer, and Karolina Andriette (Ahlsell) Nobel (1805-1889).

Nobel was interested in engineering, particularly explosives, learning the basic principles from his father at a young age. His interest in technology was inherited from his father.

On 3 September 1864, a shed, used for the preparation of "nitroglycerin", exploded at the factory in Heleneborg Stockholm, killing five people, including Nobel's younger brother Emil.

Nobel invented "dynamite" in 1867, a substance easier and safer to handle than the more unstable nitroglycerin. Dynamite was patented in the US and the UK and was used extensively in mining and the building of transport networks internationally.

In 1888, Alfred Nobel's brother "Ludvig" died while visiting Cannes (=a port and resort city on the French Riviera) but a French newspaper erroneously published that Alfred Nobel was dead.

The French News Paper stated that, Le marchand de la mort est mort ("The merchant of death is dead") and went on to say, "Dr. Alfred Nobel, who became rich by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before by inventing dynamite and all, had died yesterday.

Alfred was disappointed with those news what he read and concerned with. So all his property is given to charity and on his memory the Nobel prize was given.

1. Kailash Satyarthi, Peace, 2014.

2. Venkatraman Ramakrishnan*, Chemistry, 2009.

3. Muhammad Yunus*, born in then India, now Bangladesh, Peace, 2006.

4. Amartya Sen*, born in then India, now Bangladesh, Economic Sciences, 1998.

5. Tenzin Gyatso, born in China, Peace, 1989.

6. Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar*, born in then India, now Pakistan, Physics, 1983.

7. Abdus Salam*, born in then India, now Pakistan, Physics, 1979.

8. Mother Teresa, born in then Ottoman Empire, now Macedonia, Peace, 1979.

9. Hargobind Khorana*, born in then India, now Pakistan, Physiology or Medicine, 1968.

10. C.V. Raman, Physics, 1930.

11. Rabindranath Tagore, Literature, 1913.

12. Rudyard Kipling*, born in India, Literature, 1907.

13. Ronald Ross*, born in India, Physiology or Medicine, 1902.

Here is a list of those Indians who have won this award and made the country proud:

- Rudyard Kipling - Nobel Prize for Literature (1907)

- Rabindranath Tagore - Nobel Prize for Literature (1913)

- Sir Chandrasekhar Venkata Raman (C.V. Raman) - Nobel Prize for -Physics (1930)

- Mother Teresa (1910 - 1997) - Nobel Prize for peace (1979)

- Dr. Amartya Sen - Nobel Prize for Economics (1998)

- Venkatraman Ramakrishnan - Nobel Prize for Chemistry (2009)

- Dr. Har Gobind Khorana - Nobel Prize for Medicine and Physiology (1968)

- Dr. Subramanyan Chandrasekhar - Nobel Prize for physics (1983)

- V.S. Naipaul - Nobel Prize for Literature (2001)

- Sir Ronald Ross - Nobel Prize for Physiology (1902)

The Nobel Committee then prepares a report reflecting the advice of experts in the relevant fields. This, along with the list of preliminary candidates, is submitted to the prize-awarding institutions. The institutions meet to choose the laureate or laureates in each field by a majority vote. Their decision, which cannot be appealed, is announced immediately after the vote. A maximum of three laureates and two different works may be selected per award. Except for the Peace Prize, which can be awarded to institutions, the awards can only be given to individuals. If the Peace Prize is not awarded, the money is split among the scientific prizes. This has happened 19 times so far.

As we know Nobel Prize is given every year on 10th December.

There is list of name who awarded for Nobel.
1- Chemistry:
(1) Tomas Lindahl (Swidden)
(2) Paul L. Modrich (USA)
(3) Aziz Sunkar (US)

2- Physics:
(1) Takaki Kajita (japan)
(2) Arther b. Mecdonald (kaneda).

3- Medicine:
(1) William C. Campbell(Ayerland).
(2) Aantoshi Aamura ( Japan).
(3) Tu Yuyu (China).

4- Economic: (1) Angus Deaton (Britain).

5- Peace: Tunisian national dialogue quartet (Tunishiya).

6- Literatur: Swetbana Alexivice (Belarus).

The Correct answer is not D.

Technically Prize in Economic Sciences is not a Nobel Prize. It was established and endowed by Sweden's central bank Sveriges Riksbank, and not by Alfred Nobel in his will. It is awarded in the same function, that is why it is generally refereed as Nobel in Economics. Also in the past it has been awarded to non economists as well.

It's official name is he "Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel".

Every year since 1901 the Nobel Prize has been awarded for achievements in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and for peace. The Nobel Prize is an international award administered by the Nobel Foundation in Stockholm, Sweden. In 1968, Sveriges Riksbank established The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, founder of the Nobel Prize. Each prize consists of a medal, personal diploma, and a cash award.

Nobel prize are given each year in the six fields by various groups they are:.

In literature: By Swedish academy of literature.

In physics and chemistry: By royal Swedish academy of sciences.

For medicine (physiology): By Nobel assembly of Karolinska chirurgical.

For economics: By bank of Sweden.

For peace: Committee of the Norwegian parliament.

Each recipient receives a gold medal, a diploma and a sum of money which depends on Nobel foundation.

The Nobel Foundation was founded as a private organisation on 29 June 1900, to manage the finances and administration of the Nobel Prizes.

On the fifth anniversary of Alfred Nobel's death, December 10, 1901, the first set of Nobel Prizes were awarded.

Chemistry: Jacobus H. van't Hoff
Physics: Wilhelm C. Rontgen
Physiology or Medicine: Emil A. von Behring
Literature: Rene F. A. Sully Prudhomme
Peace: Jean H. Dunant and Frederic Passy