If permissible working stresses in steel and concrete are respectively 1400 kg/cm2 and 80 kg/cm2 and modular ratio is 18, in a beam reinforced in tension side and of width 30 cm and having effective depth 46 cm, the lever arms of the section, is
Though the effective depth of a T-beam is the distance between the top compression edge to the centre of the tensile reinforcement, for heavy loads, it is taken as
If the length of a wall on either side of a lintel opening is at least half of its effective span L, the load W carried by the lintel is equivalent to the weight of brickwork contained in an equilateral triangle, producing a maximum bending moment