Aptitude - Profit and Loss - Discussion

As per my knowledge, based on the correct analysis of the statements, the answer should be **(A) Only I and II**.

Let's break down the reasoning and pinpoint the mistake in the provided explanation.

**Correct Analysis**

The goal is to find the discount percentage, which requires the **Selling Price (SP)** and the **Marked Price (MP)**.

1. **Statement I** gives us the **SP = Rs. 12,350**. It also allows us to calculate the Cost Price (CP) since the profit was 23.5%.
$$CP = frac{SP}{1 + (t{Profit}% / 100)} = frac{12,350}{1.235} = {Rs. } 10,000$$.

2. **Statement II** tells us what the profit *would have been* without a discount. This information is used to find the **MP**.
$$MP = CP times (1 + 0.30) = 1.3 times CP$$.

3. **Statement III** gives us the **CP = Rs. 10,000**.

Combining I and II is Sufficient:
As the explanation correctly shows in its first few steps, using I and II together allows us to find all necessary values:
* From I: SP = Rs. 12,350.
* From I, we calculate **CP = Rs. 10,000.
* Using this CP with statement II, we find **MP = $1.3 times 10,000 = {Rs. } 13,000$**.
Since we have both SP and MP, we can calculate the discount. This combination works.

*Conclusion*

* The combination **(I and II)** is sufficient.
* The combination **(I and III)** is not sufficient.
* The combination **(II and III)** is not sufficient (it gives MP and CP, but not SP).

Since only the combination **(I and II)** is sufficient to answer the question, and this is listed as option (A), that is the correct choice.

Option E is correct. Because I and II, as well as II and III, are the right options, but there is no such option available. So we have to opt "none of these. " To make it further clear, we only need CP and MP to calculate the discount and discount %. We will get MP from option II.

Also, we can get CP from either I or III.

[Note: It's not necessary to verify whether the CP is got by confirming the application of discount% as CP is fixed as we are talking about the same commodity].

Option E is correct. Because I and II, as well as II and III, are the right options, but there is no such option available. So we have to opt "none of these. " To make it further clear, we only need CP and MP to calculate the discount and discount %. We will get MP from option II.

Also, we can get CP from either I or III.

[Note: It's not necessary to verify whether the CP is got by confirming the application of discount% as CP is fixed as we are talking about the same commodity].

A is correct.

As discount % = 100(MP-SP)/MP.

I give info about SP and CP can be calculated.
II helps calculate MP=130%(CP). {MP is SP without any discount}
Thus discount % = 5% using I and II info.
III gives CP directly.

I and III give CP and SP but not MP so the discount can't be calculated.
II and III give MP and CP but not SP so discount can't be calculated.

I and III can't give us the answer because they can give us the CP value only.
We have to find the discount per cent so we require printing or M.P of the item such that we can calculate the value with the help of 2nd option. Thus Only I and II are necessary to answer.

Option A should be correct.

@Nishant.

IIIrd statement is redundant, we can solve this problem using statement I & II or I, II & III.

But they had asked the necessary statements required to answer the question, so I & II are sufficient to answer the question. Therefore option A should be the answer.

The answer should be A.

For 0% discount, any of the options should mention MP then only using 3 we can say that since CP is given and by using 1 we can find SP and as SP and MP are same the discount is 0%. But, this is not the case so the answer should be A (only 1 and 2).

@All.

The discount from 1and 2 we can easily calculate whereas discount from 1and 3 is 0 aa given no disconut. Since both are possible results hence non of these is correct as correct answer is also possible by removing given answers. So none of these is the correct one.

I too think option e is wrong because 1 & 3 is not enough to give the answer. It is not giving any justification about the discount also option 1 alone is sufficient to calculate cost price III is not required.

I & II are necessary to give the answer.

Answer must me [A], because if we consider only I and III, then both these options are giving the cost price only, it is not giving any information about the discount.

Therefore, answer must be [A], that is I and II are must to find the discount percentage.