Networking - Networking Basics - Discussion

There are numerous network protocols available, each serving different purposes. Here are some commonly used network protocols:

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): This is the fundamental protocol suite of the Internet. It provides reliable and connection-oriented communication between devices, and it includes protocols such as IP, TCP, UDP, ICMP, and others.

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): It is the protocol used for transferring web pages and other resources on the World Wide Web.
HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure): It is the secure version of HTTP that encrypts the data exchanged between a client and a server.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol): It is used for transferring files over a network, providing a way to upload, download, and manage files on remote servers.
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): It is used for sending email messages between servers.
POP (Post Office Protocol): It is used by email clients to retrieve email from a mail server.
IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol): It is another email retrieval protocol that offers more advanced features compared to POP.
DNS (Domain Name System): It translates domain names (e.g., www.example.com) into IP addresses, enabling users to access websites using human-readable names.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): It dynamically assigns IP addresses and other network configuration settings to devices on a network.
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol): It is used for managing and monitoring network devices, gathering information and performing configuration changes.
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol): It maps an IP address to a physical (MAC) address on a local network.
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol): It is used for sending error messages and operational information concerning network issues.

What is mean by ICMP ?

Short for Internet Control Message Protocol, an extension to the Internet Protocol (IP). ICMP supports packets containing error, control, and informational messages. The PING command, for example, uses ICMP to test an Internet connection

The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is one of the core protocols of the Internet Protocol Suite. It is chiefly used by the operating systems of networked computers to send error messages indicating, for example, that a requested service is not available or that a host or router could not be reached.

Packet Internet Groper (Ping) uses ICMP echo request and reply messages to check the physical and logical connectivity of machines on an internetwork.

How do we use PING command?

icmp 0 for reply.
icmp 8 for request.
icmp 3 for destination unreachable.
icmp 5 redirect.
icmp 11 time exceeded.

@Pravin The syntax to use ping command is ping IP address of the system to be checked.

What is the use of transmission control protocol? please explain briefly.

Ping command - ping ip address (172.19.38.117 -t).