Electronics - Semiconductor Principles - Discussion

Elements with 1, 2 or 3 valence electrons have empty holes due to which electrons can flow through.

I think the element with 1, 2, 3 valence electrons can make single bond, double bond, triple bond when two elements combine together and that's why they are conductor.

When (1, 2, 3) outer valance electronics less no. So there is a chance to more availability of another atom electrons makes free and max conductivity exist.

Outermost orbit electronics increases conductivity effect impact by another atom decreases.

For conductors generally have { 1, 2 or 3 } in their outer most shell for semi conductors exactly 4 electrons in their outer most shell for insulators {5, 6, 7} in their outer most shell.

Those of have 8 electrons in their outer most shell called noble gases has no any tendency for reaction, stable, has no excess electrons in their respective shell and require higher energy to isolate either of the electron from parent atom so can consider them as insulator.

Semiconductor: 4 valence electron.

Insulator: 8 valence elctron.

Conductors always have elements incomplete in their last orbit.

Due to this there are always some electrons required for recombination due to which current flow increases, which is seen in conductors only.