Electronics - Capacitors - Discussion

The difference b/w the two alternating quantities is called "phase difference". There are two types,

1. IN phase.
2. Out of phase.

Suppose we have two waves i.e voltage, current.

In V&C both are in phase means the 2 waves start at same point.
............................
0 90 180 270 360

Both start at 0 degrees.

In out of phase we have two condition i.e leading(+), lags(-).

Suppose V wave starts at 0 degrees and C wave starts at 90 degrees. Then we say C wave LEADING V wave, by 90 degrees. (its 90 degrees fast).
And we say V wave LAGS C wave, by 90 degrees.) it's 90 degrees slow.

If you have any doubts leave the comment.

In RC circuit the drop across resistor(Vr) is in phase with the current(I) and drop across capacitor(Vc) lags current(I) by 90 degree
Current leads the applied voltage by an angle (phi)
and it is given as tan(phi)= -Xc/R
Xc=1/2*pi*f*c =15923.5
R=5000 ohm
so angle phi=tan-1(-Xc/R)= -72.56 or 73
As i said earlier current leads the source voltage tat means Vr lead V1

They are asking phase shift between source voltage and resistor voltage why xc is taken in the formula?

Actually resistor voltage is in phase with source voltage.

Xc = 1/2pi(1kHz)(0.01uF) = 15915 ohms.

5000ohms - (15915ohms)i = 16682 < -72.56 degree.

IT IS TAN(angle)=Xc/R
where R IS REACTANCE=1/2*pi*f*c

Can any one please tel me how to calculate?

Is it, cos angle=Xc/r,

Then t comes 71.67.

Xc=(1/2πfc).

Phase shift=tan-1(Xc/R).

Can anyone explain it properly?

Why is it leading?