Current Affairs - Environment

The new species of killifish, Nothobranchius sylvaticus, was discovered in Kenya’s Gongoni Forest, which is 7.09 million years old. This species is notable as the first known forest-dwelling killifish that is endemic to the region. Killifish are resilient and adaptable, capable of surviving in extreme environments. Their discovery adds to the rich biodiversity of Kenya, a country already known for its diverse wildlife and habitats, including major lakes like Lake Turkana and Lake Victoria.

The study on melioidosis outbreaks highlights how environmental factors like temperature, rainfall, and solar radiation in Odisha contribute to the peak occurrence of the infection during and after the monsoon season. The state's agricultural areas and extreme weather conditions increase human exposure to melioidosis-causing bacteria, with districts such as Cuttack and Khordha showing a higher rate of infection. This emphasizes the impact of climate and geography on disease transmission in the region.

According to the World Air Quality Report 2024, India was ranked as the 5th most polluted country globally, showing a slight improvement from its 3rd place position in 2023. Despite the improvement, pollution levels in India remain concerning, with cities like Delhi continuing to suffer from extremely high particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations. This persistent pollution has significant health and environmental impacts, with major contributors including vehicle emissions, industrial pollution, and biomass burning, particularly in northern India.

Indian Railways' participation in Mission Amrit Sarovar focuses primarily on water conservation. The initiative aims to combat water scarcity near railway tracks by digging and rejuvenating ponds. This project is part of the second phase of Mission Amrit Sarovar, which emphasizes both climate resilience and community participation. Additionally, the material excavated from the ponds will be repurposed for railway embankments, contributing to sustainable development and water conservation efforts. The completion of this project is targeted for August 15, 2025.

The Indira Gandhi Zoological Park, located in Visakhapatnam, was the site where pelicans and painted storks were recently observed. The park provides a suitable habitat for these species, and their presence there highlights the area's biodiversity. The other options are not associated with this specific observation.