C Programming - Control Instructions - Discussion

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x;
for(x=-1; x<=10; x++)
{
if(x < 5)
printf("hi");
else
break;
printf("IndiaBIX");
}
return 0;
}

The output is:
hiIndiaBix
hiIndiaBix
hiIndiaBix
hiIndiaBix
hiIndiaBix
hiIndiaBix

Why?

Yes, the control does not go to print statement as before it break statement is given, and if we remove break keyword the word will get get printed 6 times... -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4.. as x<5 is given.

The continue statement does not allow to execute statement that present after the continue statement and it allows next iteration.

@Rohit and Aminul.

Let I explain your program o/p,

b=5 this is the value given in the program, if 'b++' the value will not get increase, in case of '++b' the value will get increase by one.

int c = ((b++) + (++b) + (++b) + (++b));

in above statement first (b++) the value remains 5,

Second (++b) the value gets increase by one so now value is 6, third (++b) the value gets increase by one so now value is 7,fourth (++b) the value gets increase by one so now value is 8.

In C the last incremented value will apply to both side of variables. so fourth (++b) value 8, will apply to third (++b), now third (++b) value change to 8, second (++b) value remains 6, first (b++) value remains 5.

So 5+6+8+8 = 27.

Hope you understand.

In above statement first (b++) the value remains 5,

Second (++b) the value gets increase by one so now value is 6, third (++b) the value gets increase by one so now value is 7, fourth (++b) the value gets increase by one so now value is 8.

But the answer is come 26.

Let's think what's compiler reads this program.
Since when i<5 it skips the remaining part and when i>=5 it breaks the loop and exit the function. As no print command outside the loop so there is 0 times print, that's it.

When the the loop will run first time the value of x will be '-1'.

As 'if' condition checks whether x<5, this condition will be true as -1<5, and always the loop will be continued, until x is not equals to 5 (x!=5).

When x equals to 5 the 'if' condition get false and the 'else' condition will be executed, in else condition the break statement will be executed and ultimately it will move the control out of the loop resulting into unexecution of 'printf' statement throughout the loop.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x;
for(x=-1; x<=10; x++)
{
if(x < 5) // here this is true for x=-1
continue;//so this is excuted
else //next this is executed
break;//the moment it reaches here, the break //statement gets the control out of for loop
printf("IndiaBIX");//so this statement not printed
}
return 0;
}

------------------------------------------------------
So according to that it executes 0 times.

Since the continue transfers the flow of program at the starting of the loop and break statement transfers the flow of program outside the loop it will be printed for 0 times.

We can not use continue with if statement.