Python - Operators
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In Python, an operator is a special symbol or keyword that performs operations on variables and values. Operators are used to manipulate data and perform various computations.
Example: Understanding operators in Python.
# Arithmetic operators
a = 5
b = 2
sum_result = a + b
difference_result = a - b
product_result = a * b
division_result = a / b
# Comparison operators
is_equal = a == b
is_not_equal = a != b
is_greater_than = a > b
is_less_than = a < b
# Logical operators
logical_and = (a > 0) and (b > 0)
logical_or = (a > 0) or (b > 0)
logical_not = not (a > 0)
print("Arithmetic Operators:")
print("Sum:", sum_result)
print("Difference:", difference_result)
print("Product:", product_result)
print("Division:", division_result)
print("\nComparison Operators:")
print("Is Equal:", is_equal)
print("Is Not Equal:", is_not_equal)
print("Is Greater Than:", is_greater_than)
print("Is Less Than:", is_less_than)
print("\nLogical Operators:")
print("Logical AND:", logical_and)
print("Logical OR:", logical_or)
print("Logical NOT:", logical_not)
Arithmetic Operators: Sum: 7 Difference: 3 Product: 10 Division: 2.5 Comparison Operators: Is Equal: False Is Not Equal: True Is Greater Than: True Is Less Than: False Logical Operators: Logical AND: True Logical OR: True Logical NOT: False
In this example, various operators like arithmetic operators (+, -, *, /), comparison operators (==, !=, >, <), and logical operators (and, or, not) are demonstrated with different variables and values.
In Python, operators can be categorized as unary or binary based on the number of operands they work with.
Unary Operators: Operate on a single operand.
# Unary minus (-) operator
number = 10
result = -number
print("Unary Minus Operator:", result)
# Unary plus (+) operator
result = +number
print("Unary Plus Operator:", result)
# Logical NOT (!) operator
is_true = True
logical_not_result = not is_true
print("Logical NOT Operator:", logical_not_result)
Unary Minus Operator: -10 Unary Plus Operator: 10 Logical NOT Operator: False
Binary Operators: Operate on two operands.
# Binary addition (+) operator
a = 5
b = 3
addition_result = a + b
print("Binary Addition Operator:", addition_result)
# Binary multiplication (*) operator
multiplication_result = a * b
print("Binary Multiplication Operator:", multiplication_result)
# Logical AND (&) operator
bitwise_and_result = a & b
print("Bitwise AND Operator:", bitwise_and_result)
Binary Addition Operator: 8 Binary Multiplication Operator: 15 Bitwise AND Operator: 1
In the examples, unary operators (-, +, not) operate on a single operand, while binary operators (+, *, &) work with two operands.
In Python, the order of precedence determines the sequence in which operators are evaluated in an expression. Operators with higher precedence are evaluated first. Parentheses can be used to override the default precedence.
Example: Understanding the order of precedence in Python operators.
# Example expression
result = 5 + 3 * 2 / 2 - (4 % 3) ** 2
print("Result:", result)
Result: 6.0
In this example, the expression 5 + 3 * 2 / 2 - (4 % 3) ** 2 is evaluated based on the order of precedence. The order is as follows (from highest to lowest):
- Exponentiation
** - Unary positive
+, unary negation- - Multiplication
*, division/, modulo% - Addition
+, subtraction-
Parentheses ( ) can be used to explicitly specify the order of evaluation, overriding the default precedence.
Arithmetic operators in Python are used to perform mathematical operations on numeric values. These operators include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, modulus, and exponentiation.
Example: Understanding the role of arithmetic operators in Python.
# Arithmetic operators
a = 10
b = 3
# Addition
addition_result = a + b
# Subtraction
subtraction_result = a - b
# Multiplication
multiplication_result = a * b
# Division
division_result = a / b
# Modulus
modulus_result = a % b
# Exponentiation
exponentiation_result = a ** b
print("Addition Result:", addition_result)
print("Subtraction Result:", subtraction_result)
print("Multiplication Result:", multiplication_result)
print("Division Result:", division_result)
print("Modulus Result:", modulus_result)
print("Exponentiation Result:", exponentiation_result)
Addition Result: 13 Subtraction Result: 7 Multiplication Result: 30 Division Result: 3.3333333333333335 Modulus Result: 1 Exponentiation Result: 1000
In this example, arithmetic operators such as addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/), modulus (%), and exponentiation (**) are demonstrated with numeric values a and b.