Current Affairs - Technology

Researchers from IIT-Guwahati, in collaboration with the Bose Institute, Kolkata, developed an innovative injectable hydrogel designed for localized cancer treatment, particularly breast cancer therapy. This hydrogel is composed of ultra-short peptides and is sensitive to glutathione, abundant in tumour cells, allowing precise drug activation. Unlike traditional chemotherapy, which causes systemic side effects, this hydrogel targets tumours directly, reducing harm to healthy cells. The research, led by Debapratim Das (IIT-G) and published in Materials Horizons, offers a breakthrough approach to cancer treatment, emphasizing precision and minimal invasiveness.

Researchers from IIT Bombay have developed innovative bacteria, including Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter, to tackle soil pollution. These bacteria consume toxic aromatic pollutants and transform them into nutrients beneficial for plants. This breakthrough not only enhances soil health and promotes plant growth but also reduces dependency on chemical pesticides. Such advancements highlight IIT Bombay’s contribution to sustainable agriculture and environmental protection.

ISRO is set to launch a United States communications satellite in early 2025 using the GSLV. This mission, likely in collaboration with AST SpaceMobile, aims to enable direct smartphone voice calls from space. The satellite, named Bluebird, features a 64-square-meter antenna and is designed to provide affordable 5G broadband, addressing global connectivity challenges and bridging the digital divide.

IIT Madras, in collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, launched Project VISTAAR to modernize India's agricultural extension system. This initiative leverages advanced technologies and an extensive database of over 12,000 agriculture-focused start-ups to provide farmers with digital access to advisory services. By integrating innovative solutions, the project aims to enhance productivity, market access, and supply chain management, ensuring that farmers benefit from improved practices and government schemes.

China introduced the CR450, the world's fastest high-speed train, capable of reaching speeds of 450 kmph. This innovation surpasses the CR400 Fuxing and sets new standards in speed, energy efficiency, and noise reduction. With plans to integrate the CR450 into its extensive 47,000 km high-speed rail network, China continues to lead in advancing rail technology and improving connectivity.