Civil Engineering - Strength of Materials - Discussion

It is a composite material.

Yes it is a composite material.

Homogeneous means the material of two different material do not separate each other like a hole mass,

Heterogeneous means two different material are separately located in a hole mass in different place.

But composite material are those material there are different Mechanical properties of individual like stress, strain, young modulus etc. Like reinforced cement concrete beam.

As per the limit state method, the assumption is that concrete is homogenous material if it is to be assumed as heterogenous then the design becomes more complex.

RCC is heterogeneous but when we design we assume that RCC is homogeneous.

Concrete is assumed Homogeneous.

Rcc is assumed heterogeneous.

Rcc is composite material but assume to be hetrogeneous material because concrete is hetrogeneous.

I think the correct answer should be option A.

In RCC design and analysis, We transform the steel area into equivalent concrete area using the modular ratio: Es / Ec This allows the composite beam (concrete + steel) to be treated as an equivalent homogeneous material (all concrete).