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Logical Reasoning - Logical Deduction - Discussion

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"In the middle of difficulty lies opportunity."
- Albert Einstein

In each question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

Give answer:

  • (A) If only conclusion I follows
  • (B) If only conclusion II follows
  • (C) If either I or II follows
  • (D) If neither I nor II follows and
  • (E) If both I and II follow.

15. 

Statements: All fishes are grey in colour. Some fishes are heavy.

Conclusions:

  1. All heavy fishes are grey in colour.
  2. All light fishes are not grey in colour.

[A]. Only conclusion I follows
[B]. Only conclusion II follows
[C]. Either I or II follows
[D]. Neither I nor II follows
[E]. Both I and II follow

Answer: Option E

Explanation:

Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some heavy things are grey in colour'. I is a cumulative result of this conclusion and the first premise. Thus, only I holds.


Rajeev Kumar said: (Thu, Dec 23, 2010 02:41:14 PM)    
 
2nd conclusion is full inversion of 1st conclusion. So it should be valid.hence answer should be E.

Rocky said: (Wed, Sep 14, 2011 10:37:00 AM)    
 
According to the rule of syllogism, the middle term should not be there in the conclusion. Here fishes is the middle term. So the conclusion should not contain the middle term.

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